Fenylalaniinin biogeeninen amini on PEA, fenyletylamini. Sitä muodostuu hieman ja se on takasyöttöjärjestelmää Dopamiinireseptorien vaikutusalueessa ja eräänlainen hyvänolon aiheuttajatekijä on tilanne kun dopamiinijärjestelmän kaikki feedback-linkit toimivat tasapainoisesti kaikkine reseptoreineen ja linkkeineen sopusoinnussa tahdonalaisen ja viettitoiminnan funktioitten. Asiaa kuvaa ehkä parhaiten terveen ihmisen sujuva ja hallittu tahdonalainen toiminta itsekontrollissa ja kehon hyvä perustila, terve kivuttomuus ja normaali ravitsemustasapaino.
Tähän järjestelmään invasoituu fenylalaniinijohdannaisten kaltaiset narkotikat, jotkut ovat täsmärakenteisia, jotkut dirty drug vaikutteisia ja häiritsevät monen eri neuronityypin reseptoreita. Luettelo muistuttaa aivan hyttysten taksonomiaa, joten en puutu siihen tällä kertaa mainintaa enempää.
From a chemical point of view all amphetamine-type stimulants are related to the ß-phenethylamin molecule (2-PEA). This molecule is the basic element of the body neurotransmitters (such as dopamine and adrenaline) that convey the neuronal information of the central and vegetative nervous system.
The relatively simple structure of 2-PEA can be designed in many ways, so that it is very difficult to calculate the exact number of all possible derivatives with similar pharmacological effects.
Amphetamine itself might be called the prototype ('mother') psychostimulant. It was first synthesised in 1887 but was not used for medical purposes until the early 1930s, when it was found that it increased blood pressure, stimulated the central nervous system, cured bronchodilatation (asthma) and was useful in treating an epileptic seizure disorder.The abuse of this drug started at the same time.
The most common amphetamine derivatives currently known from the illicit drug market can be classified in the following three categories:
non-ring substituted amphetamine derivatives such as Amphetamine, Methamphetamine, Ethylamphetamine, Dimethylamphetamine, PPMA, N-Hydroxyamphetamine, N-Hydroxymethamphetamine, Phenethylamine (PEA), (+) Cathine, (-) Cathinone, Methcathinone, Amfepramone, and Amphetaminil;
methylenedioxy-amphetamines such as MDA, MDMA, MDE, MDDMA, N-Hydroxy-MDA, N-Hydroxy-MDMA, MBDB, BDB, MMDA, FLEA, 6(2)-Cl-MDMA;
ring and side-chain substituted amphetamines such as 2 C-B, 2 C-T, 2 C-T2, 2 C-T7, 2 C-C, 2 C-l, TMA-2, DOM, DOB, DOC, DOI, DOET, Diethoxybromoamphetamine (all 2,4,5-ringsubstituted orientation) and
PMA (4-MA), DMA (2,5-DMA), TMA, PMMA, 4-MTA, AL and MAL (all other ringsubstituted orientation).
These are only examples of possible derivatives, for further information you have to look at the established literature.
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